SODIUM LACTATE COMPOUND

Intravenous replacement fluid for replacing loss of blood, plasma, and other extracellular fluids. Commonly known as Ringer’s Lactate or Hartmann’s Solution

Dosage Forms

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Solution for infusion

Sodium chloride 0.6%
Sodium lactate 0.32%
Potassium chloride 0.04%
Calcium chloride 0.027%

Uses

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  • Correcting severe dehydration
  • Correcting water, electrolyte, and acid-base disturbances
  • Shock and hypovolaemia

Dose and Duration

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Severe dehydration

Adult: 0.5–1 L by infusion in the 1ˢᵗ hour and not more than 2–3 L in 4 hours.

Child >1 year: 30 ml/kg over the first 30 minutes, then 70 ml/kg over the next 2½ hours.

Child <1 year: 30 ml/kg over 1 hour, then 70 ml/kg over the next 5 hours.

Reassess rehydration status and continue treatment Plan A, B, or C as necessary (see under ORS).

Shock

Give 20 ml/kg by fast IV infusion (over 60 minutes).

Blood loss

Always give 3 times the estimated fluid loss. Only use if fluid loss does not exceed 1500 ml and there is no cardiac or renal impairment.

Fluid and electrolyte imbalance (alternating with 5% glucose)

Infusion given over 1–2 hours.

Adult: 1 L/day.

Child: 50 ml/day.

Duration is according to patient's condition.

Contra-indications

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  • Metabolic and respiratory alkalosis
  • Hypocalcaemia
  • Hypochlorhydria

Side Effects

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  • Oedema
  • Metabolic alkalosis on excessive administration

Pregnancy

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  • Can be used

Breast-feeding

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  • Can be used

⚠️ Caution

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  • Monitor electrolytes and plasma pH
  • Always examine each bottle against light for clearness. Discard any bottle with particles or cloudiness
  • Risk of pulmonary oedema and sodium retention if infusion given too rapidly or when excessive amounts are given
  • In metabolic acidosis, sodium lactate may cause lactic acidosis especially in seriously ill patients with poor tissue perfusion or impaired hepatic function. Use sodium bicarbonate instead