PHYTOMENADIONE (VITAMIN K)

Vitamin K and anti-haemorrhagic used to control and prevent bleeding

Dosage Forms

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Injection

1 mg/ml
10 mg/ml

Uses

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  • Prevention of neonatal bleeding in high risk neonates
  • Treatment of haemorrhagic disease of the new born
  • Warfarin poisoning/overdose

Dose and Duration

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Prevention of neonatal bleeding in high risk neonates

1 mg IM immediately after birth as a single dose

Treatment of haemorrhagic disease of the new born

1 mg IM every 8 hours as necessary

Warfarin poisoning with severe or moderate bleeding

5 mg by slow IV injection as a single dose

Warfarin poisoning with minor bleeding

5 mg orally

Side Effects

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  • Allergic reactions
  • Formation of blood clot at injection site

Pregnancy

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  • Can be used

Breast-feeding

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  • Can be used

⚠️ Caution

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  • Vitamin K does not have an immediate effect; it should not be used to stop bleeding due to trauma
  • Vitamin K is not an antidote to heparin
  • Reduce dose in elderly and patients with liver disease
  • High risk neonates include: pre-term infants, neonates with jaundice and neonatal diseases, neonate whose mother is taking rifampicin or antiepileptics (e.g. carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital)