PHENYLEPHRINE HYDROCHLORIDE

Sympathomimetic medicine which causes peripheral vasoconstriction hence increasing arterial pressure

Dosage Forms

Injection

10 mg/ml

Uses

  • Acute hypotensive states

Dose and Duration

Treatment of hypotensive states

By SC or IM injection

  • Adult and child over 12 years: 2–5 mg followed by 1–10 mg if required, after at least 15 minutes
  • Child 1–12 years: 0.1 mg/kg every 1–2 hours as required (max 5 mg)

By slow IV injection using a 1 mg/ml solution

  • Adult and child over 12 years: 0.1–0.5 mg repeated as necessary after at least 15 minutes
  • Child 1–12 years: 0.005–0.02 mg/kg (max 0.5 mg) repeated as required after at least 15 minutes

By IV infusion as a 20 micrograms/ml solution

  • Adult and child over 16 years: 0.18 mg/minute reduced according to response to 0.03–0.06 mg/minute
  • Child 1–16 years: 0.1–0.5 mg/kg/minute, adjusted according to response

Preparation

  • For IV infusion, dissolve 10 mg in 500 ml of glucose 5% or normal saline injection

Contraindications

  • Severe hypertension
  • Hyperthyroidism
  • Patients taking MAOIs or within 14 days of stopping MAOI treatment

Side Effects

  • Tissue necrosis
  • Headache
  • Vomiting
  • Hypertension, tachycardia, reflex bradycardia

Interactions

  • Adrenergic neurone blockers (hypotensive effect of adrenergic neurone blockers antagonised)
  • MAOIs (risk of hypertensive crisis)

Pregnancy

  • Do not use

Breast-feeding

  • Can be used

Storage

  • Store between 2–25°C. Protect from light

⚠️ Caution

  • Administration in pregnancy may cause foetal malformations and hypoxia or bradycardia
  • Monitor blood pressure and rate of flow frequently