MOXIFLOXACIN

Quinolone antibacterial with activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms

Dosage Forms

▼

Tablet

400 mg

Uses

▼
  • Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB)

Dose and Duration

▼
MDR-TB (second-line; in combination with other medicines)

Adult: 400 mg once daily

Contraindications

▼
  • Electrolyte disturbances
  • Acute myocardial infarction
  • Heart failure
  • Congenital long QT syndrome
  • Concomitant use with other medicines that prolong QT interval
  • Bradycardia
  • History of symptomatic arrhythmias
  • Hypersensitivity to quinolone
  • History of tendon disorder due to quinolone use

Side Effects

▼
  • Headache, dizziness
  • Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhoea
  • QT-interval prolongation, arrhythmias, palpitation, angina, vasodilation
  • Hyperlipidaemia, increase in liver transaminases
  • Sweating
  • Severe hepatotoxicity
  • Gastritis, flatulence, constipation
  • Anaphylaxis
  • Stevens-Johnson syndrome
  • Toxic epidermal necrolysis

Interactions

▼
  • Amiodarone, citalopram, amitriptyline, imipramine, mizolastine, pimozide, haloperidol, zuclopenthixol, chlorpromazine, promethazine, atomoxetine, sotalol, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, parenteral erythromycin, mefloquine, pentamidine isetionate: (increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias)

Patient Instructions

▼
  • Swallow with plenty of water or other fluid
  • May impair performance of some skilled tasks like driving

Pregnancy

▼
  • Can be used (see caution)

Breast-feeding

▼
  • Can be used (see caution)

⚠️ Caution

▼
  • Use with caution in history of epilepsy or conditions that predispose to seizures, in G6PD deficiency, myasthenia gravis and in children and adolescents
  • Avoid exposure to excessive sunlight (discontinue in case photosensitivity occurs)
  • Avoid use in severe hepatic impairment
  • In MDR-TB, moxifloxacin can be used in pregnancy and breast-feeding as benefits outweigh risks
  • Other quinolones used for MDR-TB include ofloxacin and levofloxacin