HALOPERIDOL

Butyrophenone antipsychotic medicine

Dosage Forms

Tablets

5 mg
10 mg

Injection

5 mg/ml

Uses

  • Delirium (acute confusional state)
  • Psychosis
  • Mania
  • Schizophrenia
  • Short term adjunctive management of psychomotor agitation, violent behaviour and severe anxiety

Dose and Duration

Psychosis
Adult: by mouth, 5‒10 mg every 12 hours
Mania
Adult: Initially 5‒10 mg by mouth every 12 hours then adjust according to response. Up to 30-40 mg daily may be needed in severe or resistant cases.
Short term adjunctive management of psychomotor agitation, violent behaviour and severe anxiety
Adult and child >12 years: By mouth, 1.5‒3 mg every 6‒8 hours. In severe or resistant cases, give 3‒5 mg every 6‒8 hours
Acute psychotic conditions
Adult and child >12 years: initially 2–10 mg by IM injection up to 18 mg in severely affected patients. (Use half the dose in elderly or debilitated patients). Give subsequent doses every 4–8 hours according to response (up to every hour if necessary) up to a maximum of 18 mg daily
Child: not recommended
Agitation and restlessness in elderly
Initially 0.5‒1.5 mg by mouth once or twice daily

Contraindications

  • Impaired consciousness due to CNS depression
  • Bradycardia
  • Bone marrow depression
  • Pheochromocytoma
  • Severe liver disease

Side Effects

  • Extrapyramidal side effects
  • Apathy, drowsiness, nightmares, dizziness, insomnia, headache
  • Confusion, depression
  • Uncontrolled shaking

Interactions

  • Amitriptyline (increased concentration of amitriptyline and arrhythmias)
  • Artemether/ Lumefantrine
  • Carbamazepine (antagonism of anticonvulsant effect)
  • Ethosuximide(antagonism of anticonvulsant effect)
  • Fluoxetine (increased concentration of haloperidol)
  • Halothane, ketamine (increased hypotensive effect)
  • Nitrous oxide (increased hypotensive effect)
  • Phenobarbital (antagonism of anticonvulsant effect)
  • Phenytoin, (antagonism of anticonvulsant effect)
  • Rifampicin (reduced concentration of haloperidol)
  • Ritonavir (increased concentration of haloperidol)
  • Thiopental (increased hypotensive effect)
  • Valproic acid (antagonism of anticonvulsant effect)

Patient Instructions

  • Do not drive or operate machinery when taking this medicine

Pregnancy

  • Do not use in 3ʳᵈ trimester

Breast-feeding

  • Can be used

⚠️ Caution

  • Do not withdraw medicine abruptly; reduce dose gradually to avoid relapse
  • Treat extrapyramidal side effects with benzhexol
  • Use lower doses in kidney impairment