CAPTOPRIL

Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) antihypertensive medicine

Dosage Forms

Tablet

25 mg

Uses

  • Congestive heart failure
  • Moderate to severe hypertension(stage 2)

Dose and Duration

Congestive heart failure
Adult: initially, 6.25–12.5 mg 2–3 times daily, and then in creased gradually at intervals of 2 weeks (max 150 mg daily in divided doses)
Child 12–18 years: 12.5–25 mg 2–3 times daily (max 150 mg daily in divided doses)
Child 1 month–12 years: 0.1–0.3 mg/kg 2–3 times a day (max 1 month–1 year, 4 mg/kg and 1–12 years, 6 mg/kg)
Neonate: 0.01–0.05 mg/kg 2–3 times daily (max 2 mg/kg daily in divided doses or 0.3 mg/kg in neonate less than 37 weeks postmenstrual age)
Moderate to severe hypertension (in combination with another antihypertensive)
Adult:initially, 12.5–25 mg every 12 hours and then in creased gradually every 2 weeks if necessary up to maxi mum dose of 150 mg daily in 2 divided doses
Volume depletion, cardiac decompensation, renovascular hypertension: initially, 6.25–12.5 mg daily as a single dose then twice daily; (max 100 mg daily in 1–2 divided doses)
Elderly: 6.25 mg every 12 hours
Neonate and child 1 month–18 years: Dose same as in Congestive Heart Failure

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity
  • History of angioedema with previous ACEI therapy
  • Hereditary or idiopathic angioneurotic oedema
  • 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy

Side Effects

  • Sleep disorders
  • Persistent dry irritating cough
  • Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, taste disturbances
  • Dyspnoea
  • Rash
  • Angioedema
  • Hyperkalaemia, hypoglycaemia
  • Cardiogenic shock, cardiac arrest

Interactions

  • Ciclosporin (increased risk of hyperkalaemia)
  • Diuretics (increased hypotensive effect)
  • Potassium-sparing diuretics and aldosterone antagonists (increased risk of severe hyperkalaemia)
  • Lithium (increased plasma levels and toxicity of lithium)
  • Potassium salts (increased risk of severe hyperkalaemia)

Pregnancy

  • Do not use

Breastfeeding

  • Can be used

⚠️ Caution

  • In neonates, infants and children, a test dose of 0.15 mg/kg must be given first before initiating treatment
  • Reduce dose in renal failure and in concomitant use with potassium-sparing diuretics