BENZYLPENICILLIN

Broad spectrum penicillin antibacterial with rapid action and elimination

Dosage Forms

Powder for injection

600 mg = 1 million IU = 1 MU

Uses

  • Severe pneumonia
  • Severe otitis media
  • Severe throat infections
  • Severe meningitis
  • Septicaemia
  • Tetanus
  • Severe bacterial bronchiolitis
  • Quinsy (peritonsillar abscess)
  • Pre-referral treatment for severe bacterial infection and possible serious bacterial infection (PSBI) in infants

Dose and Duration

In severe infections, double the dose
Severe meningitis
Adult:3–4 MU IV or IM every 4 hours for 10–14 days
Child: 100,000 IU/kg/dose for 10–14 days

Severe cases may need up to 21 days treatment for neonates and for at least 21 days and up to 42 days for immunosuppressed adults

Septicaemia (given in combination with gentamicin)
Infants >7 days: 50,000-75,000 IU/kg IV every 4–6 hours for 21 days
Infants <7 days: 50,000 IU IV every 8 hours for 21 days
Tetanus
Adult: 1–2 MU every 6 hours for 10 days
Child:50,000–100,000 IU/kg/dose for 10 days
Neonate:100,000 IU/kg every 12 hours for 10 days
Severe pneumonia in infant 1 week–2 months old (in combination with chloramphenicol)
Give first dose 50,000 IU/kg IM

Refer immediately (if at HC II)

Pneumococcal pneumonia (with PPF)
Give 50,000 IU/kg IM every 6 hours for 2 days
Quinsy (with amoxicillin)
Give 2 MU IM every 6 hours for 2 days
Pre-referral treatment for severe bacterial infection and possible serious bacterial infection in infants (PSBI) (with chloramphenicol)
Give first dose of benzyl penicillin 50,000 IU/kg IM Refer immediately (if at HC II)

If referral not possible: give 50,000 IU/kg IM every 6 hours for at least 5 days

Preparation

  • Dissolve powder in water for injection; shake suspension before administration

Contraindications

  • Penicillin allergy
  • Cephalosporin allergy (cross-sensitivity may occur)

Side Effects

  • Stomach upset
  • Allergic reaction

Interactions

  • Methotrexate (increased risk of methotrexate toxicity)

Patient Instructions

  • Report to the health worker immediately if skin rash develops after receiving the injection

Pregnancy

  • Can be used

Breastfeeding

  • Do not use

Storage

  • Once reconstituted, suspension must be kept refrigerated (2–8°C) and used within 24 hours

⚠️ Caution

  • In case allergic reactions occur, stop treatment immediately
  • When given by IV route, give injection slowly via the infusion tube or by IV infusion
  • Benzylpenicillin should not be confused with benzathine penicillin, which has a long duration of action (15–20 days)