AMPICILLIN

Broad spectrum penicillin antibacterial

Dosage Forms

Powder for injection

500 mg in vial

Capsule

250 mg

Uses

  • Severe meningitis
  • Severe pneumonia
  • Septicaemia
  • Mastoiditis
  • Amnionitis
  • Acute pyelonephritis

Dose and Duration

Slow IV injection given over 3–5 minutes or IV infusion given over 20–30 minutes

Severe meningitis
Adult: 3 g IV every 6 hours for 3 weeks (may be given up to 6 weeks)
Child: 50 mg/kg (max 500 mg) every 6 hours for 3 weeks (may be given up to 6 weeks)
Neonatal meningitis and septicaemia (in combination with IV gentamicin)

Treat for 7–10 days

Neonates >7 days:50 mg/kg every 8 hours
Neonates <7 days: 50 mg/kg every 12 hours
Severe pneumonia (first line for IMCI; in combination with IV gentamicin)
Infant 1 week–2 months: 25–50 mg/kg every 8 hours for at least 5 days
Neonates <7 days: 25–50 mg/kg every 12 hours for at least 5 days
Other uses
Adult: 2g IV every 6 hours for 10-14 days
Child:2g IV every 6 hours for 10-14 days

Preparation

  • Injection: Dissolve in 5 ml water for injection.
  • Infusion: Dissolve in 0.9% sodium chloride or 5% glucose

Contraindications

  • Penicillin allergy
  • Cephalosporin allergy

Side Effects

  • Stomach upset
  • Allergic reactions (rash)

Interactions

  • Methotrexate (increased risk of methotrexate)

Pregnancy

  • Can be used

Breastfeeding

  • Can be used

Storage

  • Ampicillin is stable for 12 hours in 0.9% sodium chloride and for 4 hours in 5% glucose

⚠️ Caution

  • In case of allergic reaction, stop treatment immediately
  • Reduce dose in severe kidney disease