AMOXICILLIN + CLAVULANIC ACID

Broad spectrum penicillin in combination with clavulanic acid, a beta lactamase inhibitor

Dosage Forms

Tablet

250 mg of amoxicillin + 125 mg of clavulanic acid
500 mg of amoxicillin + 125 mg of clavulanic acid

Syrup

(amoxicillin 200 mg + clavulanic acid 28.5 mg)/5 ml

Uses

  • Respiratory tract infections
  • Otitis media
  • Genitourinary infections
  • Abdominal infections
  • Cellulitis
  • Animal bites
  • Severe dental infections
  • Osteomyelitis due to Haemophilus influenza
  • Surgical prophylaxis

Dose and Duration

All uses
Adult and child > 12 years: 375 mg every 8 hours (500 mg/125 mg every 8 hours in severe infection) for 5–14 days
Child 6–12 years: 250 mg/125 mg every 12 hours or 500 mg/125 mg every 12 hours in severe infections

Contraindications

  • Hypersensitivity to penicillins
  • History of severe hypersensitivity to other beta-lactams
  • History of jaundice or hepatic dysfunction associated with penicillin- or amoxicillin- with clavulanic acid

Side Effects

  • Mucocutaneous candidosis
  • Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea
  • Hepatitis, cholestatic jaundice
  • Stevens-Johnson syndrome
  • Toxic-epidermal necrolysis, exfoliative dermatitis

Pregnancy

  • Can be used

Breastfeeding

  • Can be used

⚠️ Caution

  • In renal impairment, there is a risk of crystalluria and convulsions with high doses of amoxicillin+ clavulanic acid (particularly during parenteral therapy). Reduce dose if creatinine clearance is less than 30 ml/minute
  • Maintain adequate hydration with high doses to reduce risk of crystalluria
  • Monitor liver function in liver disease
  • Risk of cholestatic jaundice is more common in male patients 65 years and older. Duration of treatment should not exceed 14 days
  • Discontinue treatment if rash or feverish generalised erythema with pustules occurs at initiation of treatment